VAC 5.2.5 Мировая экономика
In support of the following exposition, a simple, brief justification of the exchange of goods by value is made. Such an obvious justification, by chance, could have been made earlier. One can only wonder at the waywardness of chance. Marx showed that the seller, while benefiting from arbitrary markups, loses from them as a buyer. Conclusion: surplus value is formed in production. Marx appointed the measure of value (wealth obtained from market production) the payment of simple labor (the cost of unit consumption – SEP), which is also applicable to the productivity of factors refuted in the article. Theorem: an equal number of SEPs (equal values) are opposed by the same money, therefore the exchange, accompanied by equal money, is carried out by equal values. Capital overflows, which equalize profitability, create redundancy, reduced utilization of fixed capital, which has a relatively little effect on its consumption. Profit and replacement deductions are then equalized with respect to the actual expenditure of variable capital. Both of Marx’s macroconditions are fulfilled. Wicksell: Interest on money and interest on capital (natural interest) are different things. The article quantifies natural interest. The reproduction of fixed capital requires, among industrial capitalists, mutual value loans from replacement deductions. Expanded reproduction is ensured by loans from profits, which reduce the personal consumption of the capitalist, which reduces the interest on value loans. Production, exchange, distribution, and movement of value loans are filled with content when the values of values are measured by the money leased by their owner. Rent (interest on a cash loan) is limited to interest on value loans.
reproduction, distribution, surplus value, labor theory, value and money loans, interest
1. Marks K., Engel's F., Soch., 2-e izd., T. 25, ch.1 s.393, 399, 414
2. Pavlov I.N., Zamechaniya k sovremennoy teorii procenta, Voprosy ekonomiki №43(229) 2014, s.8-16
3. Keyns Dzh.M. «Izbrannye proizvedeniya» M., Ekonomika 1993, s.353
4. Wicksell Knut «Interest and prices», The Ludwig von Mises Institute, Auburn, Alabama 2007, p. XXV, XXVI, 15, 102, 120
5. Harris L., Denezhnaya teoriya: Per. s angl./Obsch. red. i vstup. st. V.M. Usoskina.-M.: Progress, 1990.-750 s., s.86, 115, 118, 497
6. Klark Dzh. B. «Raspredelenie bogatstva», Leningrad, OGIZ, 1934 g., s.90, 118, 125
7. Rossinskiy, V.P. Proverka polozheniy marzhinalizma / V.P. Rossinskiy.-DOIhttps://doi.org/10.52957/22213260_2022_12_32. - Tekst : elektronnyy // Teoreticheskaya ekonomika. - 2022 - №12. - S.32-44. - URL: http://www.theoreticaleconomy.ru (Data publikacii: 30.12.2022)
8. Marks K., Engel's F., Soch., 2-e izd., t.23, s.58, 114, 166-167, 181-186
9. Usoskin V., Problemy deneg v ekonomicheskoy teorii zapada / Harris L., Denezhnaya `teoriya: Per. s angl./Obsch. red. i vstup. st. V.M. Usoskina.-M.: Progress, 1990.-750 s., s.53
10. Bem-Baverk O., Kapital i pribyl' ; T. 2 : Pozitivnaya teoriya kapitala ; T. 3 : Ekskursy / Oygen fon Bem-Baverk ; per. s angl. V. Koshkina pod red. A. V. Kuryaeva. —Chelyabinsk: Socium, 2010. — 916 s., s.453
11. Rossinskiy V.P. «Nekotorye ogranicheniya rostu deystvitel'nogo sprosa pri vedenii rasshirennogo vosproizvodstva v pole blagopriyatnyh estestvennyh zapasov» //Novyy vzglyad. Mezhdunarodnyy nauchnyy vestnik: sbornik nauchnyh trudov. Vypusk 18 / Pod obsch. red. S.S. Chernova. – Novosibirsk: Izdatel'stvo CRNS, 2017. – 158 s., s.23
12. Bem-Baverk, Oygen fon, Izbrannye trudy o cennosti, procente i kapitale / Oygen fon Bem-Baverk; [predisl. I. A. Shumpeter; per. s nem. L. I. Forberta, A. Canina; per. s angl. N. V. Avtotomovoy; per. s lat. A. A. Rossiusa]. — M.: Eksmo, 2009. — 912 s. — (Antologiya ekonomicheskoy mysli), s.701
13. Rossinskiy V.P. «Vyyavlenie kapital'nyh zatrat v obschey summe zatrat na sredstva proizvodstva i rabochuyu silu v rynochnoy i vnerynochnoy sostavlyayuschih proizvodstva obschestva» // Sibirskiy nauchnyy sbornik: ekonomicheskie nauki: sbornik nauchnyh trudov. Vypusk 2 / Pod obsch. red. S.S. Chernova. – Novosibirsk: Izdatel'stvo CRNS, 2018. – s.6 – 41, s. 19-34
14. Bortkiewicz L. von. Value and Price in the Marxian System. International Economic Papers. No. 2. 1952.
15. Meek R. L. Is There an «Historical Transformation Problem»? A Comment. The Economic Journal, Vol. 86, No. 342. (Jun., 1976).
16. Meek R. L. Some Notes on the «Transformation Problem». The Economic Journal, Vol. 66, No. 261. (Mar., 1956).
17. Seton F. The «Transformation Problem». The Review of Economic Studies, Vol. 24, No. 3. (Jun., 1957).
18. Winternitz J. Values and Prices: A Solution of the So-called Transformation Problem. The Economic Journal. Vol. 58. No. 230. (Jun., 1948).
19. Rubin I.I. Ocherki po teorii stoimosti Marksa. — M.-L., 1930.
20. Sraffa P. Proizvodstvo tovarov posredstvom tovarov. - M., Direktmedia Pablishing, 2008
21. Borisov G. V. «Filosofiya ekonomicheskih cennostey», Problemy sovremennoy ekonomiki, N 3 (35), 2010 http://www.m-economy.ru/art.php?nArtId=3208
22. Pfancagl' I., Teoriya izmereniy, izdatel'stvo «MIR» Moskva, 1976, s.11
23. Smit A. Issledovanie o prirode i prichinah bogatstva narodov. M.: Izdatel'stvo social'no – ekonomicheskoy literatury, 1962, s.38-39
24. Rossinskiy, V.P. K voprosu o raschete optovyh i roznichnyh cen na osnove zakona stoimosti i teorii trudovyh otnosheniy / V.P. Rossinskiy.- Tekst : elektronnyy // Teoreticheskaya ekonomika. - 2023 - №4. - S.32-44. - URL:http://www.theoreticaleconomy.ru (Data publikacii: 30.04.2023), s.52-54
25. Marks K., Engel's F., Soch., 2-e izd., t.24, s.388-389
