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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Theoretical economics</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Theoretical economics</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Теоретическая экономика</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2221-3260</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">81093</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>НОВАЯ ИНДУСТРИАЛИЗАЦИЯ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>NEW INDUSTRIALIZATION: THEORETICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECT</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>НОВАЯ ИНДУСТРИАЛИЗАЦИЯ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Comparing the Nash and Stackelberg Equilibria in a Collective Action Model</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Сравнение равновесий Нэша и Штакельберга в модели коллективных действий</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5032-0721</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Цуриков</surname>
       <given-names>Владимир Иванович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Tsurikov</surname>
       <given-names>Vladimir Ivanovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>tsurikov@inbox.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор экономических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of economic sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Скаржинская</surname>
       <given-names>Елена Матвеевна </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Skarzhinskaya</surname>
       <given-names>Elena Matveevna </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Костромская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия»</institution>
     <city>Кострома</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">ФГБОУ ВО «Костромская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия»</institution>
     <city>Kostroma</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Костромской государственный университет имени Н.А. Некрасова</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Костромской государственный университет имени Н.А. Некрасова</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-03-30T22:15:24+03:00">
    <day>30</day>
    <month>03</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-03-30T22:15:24+03:00">
    <day>30</day>
    <month>03</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <issue>1</issue>
   <fpage>75</fpage>
   <lpage>86</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-12-09T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>09</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2023</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-12-22T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>22</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2023</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://theoreticaleconomy.ru/en/nauka/article/81093/view">https://theoreticaleconomy.ru/en/nauka/article/81093/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>С помощью математического моделирования проводится сравнение результатов коллективных действий, достигаемых в условиях их различной координации. Предполагается, что члены коллектива получают совокупный доход, величина которого возрастает с ростом прилагаемых ими усилий и подчиняется закону убывающей отдачи. Влияние координации на эффективность их действий обусловлено комплементарностью усилий, которая выражается в том, что рост объема усилий, прилагаемых каждым из агентов, приводит к росту предельного дохода по усилиям любого другого агента. Образование коалиции (малой группы), члены которой стремятся к максимуму коалиционного выигрыша, позволяет коллективу избежать ловушки «плохого равновесия» Нэша, в которую он попадает при автономном выборе каждым участником размера своих усилий. Анализируются и сравниваются результаты двух игр с участием коалиции: одновременной, в которой достигается равновесие по Нэшу, и последовательной с достижением равновесия по Штакельбергу. В последовательной игре члены коалиции играют роль лидера и поэтому первыми осуществляют свои усилия. Все некооперированные агенты играют роль последователей и определяют объемы прилагаемых ими усилий с учетом размеров усилий, уже осуществленных членами коалиции. Соответственно, члены коалиции, учитывая стремление каждого некооперированного агента к максимуму своего индивидуального выигрыша в условиях его информированности относительности размеров коалиционных усилий определяют методом обратной индукции оптимальный объем своих усилий. В результате применения коалицией стратегии Штакельберга величина совокупного дохода и выигрыш каждого члена коллектива в последовательной игре оказываются выше, чем в одновременной коалиционной игре.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>This study compares collective action outcomes under varying coordination conditions using mathematical modeling. The assumption is that the collective’s members receive a cumulative income, which increases with the escalation of their efforts and adheres to the law of diminishing returns. The impact of coordination on the effectiveness of their actions is attributed to the complementarity of efforts, which implies that an increase in the effort made y each agent results in an increase in the marginal income from the efforts of any other agent. The formation of a coalition (small group), whose members strive to maximize coalition gains, allows the collective to avoid the Nash bad equilibrium trap, into which it falls when each member chooses the scope of their effort autonomously. We analyze and compare the outcomes of two games involving a coalition: a simultaneous game where Nash equilibrium is achieved, and a sequential game where Stackelberg equilibrium is achieved. In the sequential game, coalition members assume the leader’s role and are therefore the first to implement their efforts. All non-cooperative agents act as followers and decide on their effort scope depending on the efforts already made by coalition members. Consequently, considering each non-cooperative agent’s aim to maximize their individual gain given their knowledge about the relative size of coalition efforts, coalition members determine the optimal scope of their efforts using backward induction. As a result of the coalition’s Stackelberg strategy, the aggregate revenue and each team member’s payoff in the sequential game is greater than in the simultaneous coalition game.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>коллективные действия</kwd>
    <kwd>коалиция</kwd>
    <kwd>равновесие Нэша</kwd>
    <kwd>стратегия Штакельберга</kwd>
    <kwd>эффективность по Парето</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>Collective action</kwd>
    <kwd>coalition</kwd>
    <kwd>Nash equilibrium</kwd>
    <kwd>Stackelberg strategy</kwd>
    <kwd>Pareto efficiency</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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