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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Theoretical economics</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Theoretical economics</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Теоретическая экономика</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2221-3260</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">93096</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52957/2221-3260-2024-11-111-123</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ МИРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>MODERN PROBLEMS OF THE WORLD ECONOMY</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ МИРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Transboundary effects of EU environmental policy: before and after European Green Deal</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Трансграничные эффекты экологической политики Европейского союза: до и после «Зелёной сделки»</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Курпас</surname>
       <given-names>Павел Александрович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kurpas</surname>
       <given-names>Pavel Aleksandrovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>p.a.kurpas@yandex.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Ярославский государственный университет имени П. Г. Демидова</institution>
     <city>Yaroslavl</city>
     <country>RU</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Yaroslavl State University</institution>
     <city>Yaroslavl</city>
     <country>RU</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-01-16T18:27:05+03:00">
    <day>16</day>
    <month>01</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-01-16T18:27:05+03:00">
    <day>16</day>
    <month>01</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <issue>11</issue>
   <fpage>111</fpage>
   <lpage>123</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-28T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>28</day>
     <month>10</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-11-25T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>25</day>
     <month>11</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://theoreticaleconomy.ru/en/nauka/article/93096/view">https://theoreticaleconomy.ru/en/nauka/article/93096/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Европейское экологическое регулирование рассматривается в ЕС в качестве одного из приоритетных механизмов, призванных обеспечивать решение внутренних проблем объединения. В то же время в силу масштаба экономики ЕС и энергичного характера проводимой им политики неизбежно возникают многочисленные трансграничные эффекты, воздействующие на окружающую среду, в-третьих, странах и, опосредованно, во всей мировой экономике в целом. В данной статье рассматриваются негативные и позитивные трансграничные эффекты (экстерналии) экологической политики Евросоюза на современном этапе, а также высказываются предположения, касающиеся будущих международных эффектов «Зелёной сделки». Описаны характерные примеры экстерналий европейского экологического регулирования. Выявлено, что основным каналом для их распространения служит международная торговля. Их неблагоприятное влияние на третьи страны обычно выражается в чрезмерной эксплуатации национальных природных ресурсов, а также в «утечке углерода», возникающей из-за функционирования в ЕС системы торговли квотами на выбросы. Позитивные экстерналии реализуются через Брюссельский и демонстрационный эффекты и способствуют развитию экологического регулирования в странах-партнёрах. В качестве наиболее важных с международной точки зрения положений «Зелёной сделки» определены энергетическая реформа и пограничный углеродный налог. Предложены сценарии воздействия трансграничных экстерналий «Зелёной сделки» на различные группы стран. Ожидается, что наибольший ущерб понесут африканские экспортёры углеводородов. В то же время для них открываются самые большие перспективы зелёной трансформации. Другие государства в среднесрочной перспективе, по-видимому, будут вынуждены принимать меры по декарбонизации экономики, а наиболее развитые и экономически влиятельные страны, например, США и Китай, смогут извлечь дополнительную выгоду за счёт расширения спроса на экологические технологии</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>EU environmental policy primarily addresses the internal problems of the Union. At the same time, due to the size of the EU economy and the vigorous nature of the policy, numerous transboundary effects can arise, resulting in environmental changes in third countries and, indirectly, worldwide. The article examines the negative and positive transboundary externalities of EU environmental policy and speculates on the future international effects of the European Green Deal. The author describes typical examples of externalities of the European environmental regulation. It is revealed that the international trade is the main channel of their distribution. Their negative impact on third countries usually takes the form of excessive use of national natural resources, as well as the form of “carbon leakage” which stems from the EU emissions trading system. Positive externalities encompass the Brussels effect and demonstration effect and contribute to the development of environmental regulation in partner countries. The energy reform and carbon border adjustment mechanism are identified as the most important provisions of the Green Deal’s international dimension. The potential impact of the Green Deal’s transboundary externalities is described in the form of scenarios for different groups of countries. African hydrocarbon exporters are expected to suffer the greatest damage. At the same time, they have the best prospects for green transformation. Other countries are likely to be forced to speed up the decarbonisation of their economies in the medium term, while the most developed and powerful of them, such as the United States and China, stand to benefit by the expanding demand for environmental technologies</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>экологическая политика</kwd>
    <kwd>Зелёная сделка</kwd>
    <kwd>ЕС</kwd>
    <kwd>экологические экстерналии</kwd>
    <kwd>утечка углерода</kwd>
    <kwd>Брюссельский эффект</kwd>
    <kwd>пограничный углеродный налог</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>environmental policy</kwd>
    <kwd>European Green Deal</kwd>
    <kwd>EU</kwd>
    <kwd>environmental externalities</kwd>
    <kwd>carbon leakage</kwd>
    <kwd>Brussels effect</kwd>
    <kwd>carbon border adjustment mechanism</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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