This paper discusses the role of the science of statistics as an analysis and recommendations for the authorities on the socio-economic development of the country, as well as on the existing practice of servicing authorities of different levels in the required format according to an optimistic scenario. The specifics of mathematical methods of probability theory, applications of statistical methods and modeling with possible incorrect conclusions with incorrect use of statistical research results, which can lead to radically erroneous conclusions when determining the trajectory of development of complex socio-economic processes of different scales, are given.