This research article examines the achievement of technological sovereignty as an important strategic guideline for Russia in the face of external challenges (globalization, technological development trends, and sanctions pressure). Technological sovereignty is the state’s ability to create and apply knowledge-intensive technologies that are critical to ensuring independence and competitiveness in strategically important areas of society and government activity. This study clarifies and expands scientific knowledge in the field of achieving technological sovereignty of the state. The objective of the study is to identify the influence of new industrialization processes on the achievement of technological sovereignty of the state. The study utilizes scientific methods: analysis and synthesis, modeling, and content analysis, which allowed us to identify the main areas of influence of new industrialization processes on the technological sovereignty of the state. The methodological basis of the study is the regulatory documents of the Russian Federation in the field of technological development, as well as the scientific results of domestic and foreign authors in the field of technological sovereignty of the state and new industrialization. The study clarified the key components of state technological sovereignty (capacity for independence, national control, strategic autonomy, institutional support, etc.) and the factors for achieving it (national control over the creation and use of critical and end-to-end technologies, international integration with friendly countries, scientific and human resources potential, development of the institutional environment, etc.). The paper structures the concept of new industrialization into five key dominants (technological, structural, innovative, production, and human resources), which served as the basis for identifying the main areas of influence of new industrialization processes on the state’s technological sovereignty (development of technological independence, strengthening of the scientific and human resources base, ensuring strategic autonomy, increasing competitiveness, and development of institutional support). New industrialization forms a systemic foundation for achieving Russia’s technological sovereignty, which requires the coordination of efforts of the state, business, and the scientific community in the following areas: the creation of closed production cycles, the development of human resources potential, and the strengthening of international cooperation with «friendly» countries. The results of this study can be used to develop effective industrial and scientific-technical policies in the regions to achieve Russia’s technological sovereignty. Future research should explore the conditions for implementing new industrialization to achieve the state’s technological sovereignty.