Theoretical economics Theoretical economics Теоретическая экономика 2221-3260 106686 10.52957/2221-3260-2025-9-29-47 АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКОЙ ЭКОНОМИИ ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF THEORETICAL ECONOMY АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКОЙ ЭКОНОМИИ Economic development and public welfare in the system of public relations of foreign countries (comparative-historical approach) Экономическое развитие и общественное благо в системе общественных отношений зарубежных стран (сравнительно-исторический подход) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2795-984X Елкин Станислав Евгеньевич Elkin Stanislav Evgenevich elkin-se@yandex.ru

кандидат экономических наук;

candidate of economic sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6204-4814 Реутова Ирина Михайловна Reutova Irina Mihaylovna reutova-im@ranepa.ru

кандидат экономических наук;

candidate of economic sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4952-1512 Елкина Ольга Сергеевна Elkina Olga Sergeevna elkina-os@ranepa.ru

доктор экономических наук;

doctor of economic sciences;

 Северо-Западный институт управления Российской Академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации North-West Management Institute of The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration Северо-Западный институт управления РАНХиГС St Petersburg Россия North-West Institute of Management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration St Petersburg Russian Federation 30 09 2025 30 09 2025 9 29 47 06 08 2025 11 09 2025 https://theoreticaleconomy.ru/en/nauka/article/106686/view

В исследовании обсуждаются научные направления, определяющие отношение к эффективному использованию общественного блага в зарубежных странах при необходимости его перераспределения в случае выбора между индивидуальными (частными) и общественными выгодами. В исследовании на основе применения сравнительно-исторического подхода доказывается наличие связи между экономическим развитием и общественным благом. Метод применяется для описания неолиберальной трансформации права. Внимание сфокусировано на влиянии доходов при принятии решений о перераспределении блага и определяется их промежуточным нахождением на стыке экономики, политики и социальных отношений. В ходе обсуждения обосновывается мнение, что экономическое развитие не всегда является общественным благом, поскольку во многих случаях уменьшает доход частных собственников. Сделан вывод, что общественное использование блага (актива) не должно сводиться к частной выгоде. Сформулирован вопрос о правомерности утверждения, что государство способствует общественному благу, когда упорядочивает их использование. Перераспределение благ рассматривается в контексте использования государственной власти для достижения целей перераспределения благ, которое не может быть достигнуто иным способом. Выдвигается тезис о том, что государство применяет закон как обоснование перераспределения благ в интересах удовлетворения государственно-частных интересов. Этот тезис объясняет, как закон и государство подчиняются частным интересам. В качестве методологической основы использован компаративный исторический подход, позволяющий выявить закономерности развития законодательства в ответ на социальные изменения в историческом контексте и изменений в законодательстве, связанных с развитием концепции публичной полезности. Подходы, используемые в экономике, социологии и политологии при изучении общественных отношений представляют различные, но одинаково убедительные точки зрения на исследуемую проблему, что делает необходимым дальнейшее изучение проблемы эффективного использования общественного блага.

The study discusses the scientific directions that determine the attitude to the effective use of public goods in foreign countries, if necessary, its redistribution in the case of a choice between individual (private) and public benefits. Based on the application of a comparative historical approach, the study proves the existence of a link between economic development and the public good. The method is used to describe the neoliberal transformation of law. Attention is focused on the impact of income when making decisions about the redistribution of goods and is determined by their intermediate location at the intersection of economics, politics and social relations. During the discussion, the opinion is substantiated that economic development is not always a public good, since in many cases it reduces the income of private owners. It is concluded that the public use of a good (asset) should not be reduced to private benefit. The question of the legitimacy of the claim that the state contributes to the public good when it regulates their use is formulated. Redistribution of benefits is considered in the context of using state power to achieve the goals of redistribution of benefits, which cannot be achieved in any other way. The thesis is put forward that the state applies the law as a justification for the redistribution of benefits in the interests of satisfying public-private interests. This thesis explains how the law and the state are subordinated to private interests. A comparative historical approach has been used as a methodological basis, which makes it possible to identify patterns of legislative development in response to social changes in the historical context and changes in legislation related to the development of the concept of public utility. The approaches used in economics, sociology, and political science in the study of public relations present different but equally convincing points of view on the problem under study, which makes it necessary to further study the problem of effective use of the public good.

 экономическое развитие общественное благо эффективность неолиберализм сравнительно-исторический подход потребности общественные отношения economic development public benefit efficiency neoliberalism comparative historical approach needs public relations

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